{"id":19,"date":"2005-09-15T19:38:31","date_gmt":"2005-09-15T17:38:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=19"},"modified":"2019-10-05T10:54:30","modified_gmt":"2019-10-05T08:54:30","slug":"el-portaaviones-de-hielo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=19","title":{"rendered":"El portaaviones de hielo"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"14697\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?attachment_id=14697\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1525,815\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Top secret design for HMS &#039;Habbakuk&#039; (centre), a giant aircraft-carrier built of ice and wood pulp, which was proposed as a secret weapon in the Second World War. This project was put forward by Geoffrey Pyke in 1942, but was never built as the practicalities involved were too much for the British war effort.    The &#039;Habbakuk&#039; is shown next to HMS &#039;Indefatigable&#039; (right), a large British aircraft-carrier built of conventional materials.\\n\\n1946&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Copyright (c) Mary Evans Picture Library 2013&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"b4y52\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52-300x160.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-14697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52-768x410.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52.jpg 1525w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Hace unos d\u00edas me enter\u00e9, a trav\u00e9s del <a href=\"http:\/\/www.canalhistoria.com\/inicio.htm\">Canal de Historia<\/a>, de la existencia de un proyecto brit\u00e1nico de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, que planteaba la posibilidad de construir gigantescas islas flotantes de hielo a modo de portaaviones.    <\/p>\n<p>En un principio la idea puede parecer imposible porque, como es comunmente conocido, el hielo deja de serlo a poco que la temperatura suba por encima de la de congelaci\u00f3n. Pero, en este caso, la cosa ten\u00eda truco: utilizar un hielo \u00abespecial\u00bb, capaz de aguantar altas temperaturas y tan resistente como el acero. <\/p>\n<p>Nunca llegaron a realizarse tales macroportaaviones, como el propuesto en el <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Habbakuk\">Proyecto Habbakuk<\/a>, pero el material de base contin\u00faa siendo bastante interesante.<\/p>\n<p>Se trata del <strong>Pykrete<\/strong>, un material compuesto de hielo com\u00fan en un 86% y un 14% de serr\u00edn, inventado por Max Perutz, de f\u00e1cil fabricaci\u00f3n, conserva propiedades del hielo, como la flotabilidad, pero posee un punto de fusi\u00f3n muy alto y una resistencia a las presiones muy alta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Hace unos d\u00edas me enter\u00e9, a trav\u00e9s del Canal de Historia, de la existencia de un proyecto brit\u00e1nico de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, que planteaba la posibilidad de construir gigantescas <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=19\" title=\"El portaaviones de hielo\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14697,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obsolescencia"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/09\/b4y52.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p93Dc1-j","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":6442,"url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=6442","url_meta":{"origin":19,"position":0},"title":"Brinicle, estalactita mortal","author":"alpoma","date":"20 marzo 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"No ten\u00eda ni idea de que algo as\u00ed se hubiera grabado. Conoc\u00eda la teor\u00eda, pero siempre pens\u00e9 que era algo demasiado esquivo como para poder ser contemplado en v\u00eddeo. Hoy una anotaci\u00f3n de la RAM ha mencionado un v\u00eddeo sobre el fen\u00f3meno, no es que trate de una toma reciente,\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abGeo\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Geo","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?cat=5"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2957,"url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=2957","url_meta":{"origin":19,"position":1},"title":"Hace mucho tiempo, en un planeta bajo el hielo&#8230;","author":"alpoma","date":"17 junio 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"El siguiente mapa del NOAA, que ya tiene algo de tiempo y es uno de mis mapas favoritos, nos ense\u00f1a de forma sencilla lo diferente que era el mundo hace muy poco en la escala de tiempo geol\u00f3gico. Los hielos cubr\u00edan grandes porciones de Norteam\u00e9rica y Europa en el punto\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abClima\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Clima","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/4706874811_1a6b91220f_o.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/4706874811_1a6b91220f_o.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/4706874811_1a6b91220f_o.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":4798,"url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=4798","url_meta":{"origin":19,"position":2},"title":"Bichos raros: el barco bisagra y el avi\u00f3n portaaviones","author":"alpoma","date":"19 mayo 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Mientras busco datos para alimentar art\u00edculos e historias diversas, sobre todo cuando me encuentro en proceso de documentar textos para Historia de Iberia Vieja y otras revistas, buceando en webs y en bibliotecas (s\u00ed, de esas que guardan libros de papel, todav\u00eda existen ;-) ) a veces aparecen verdaderos bichos\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abObsolescencia\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Obsolescencia","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?cat=3"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/5736313637_4a77ce906a_o.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/5736313637_4a77ce906a_o.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/5736313637_4a77ce906a_o.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":592,"url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=592","url_meta":{"origin":19,"position":3},"title":"Sembradores de nubes","author":"alpoma","date":"14 septiembre 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Eso de que el tiempo cambie de un d\u00eda para otro, sobre todo si del calor se pasa al fr\u00edo, no suele sentar nada bien. Como se dice en el refranero, nunca llueve a gusto de todos y, por eso, a lo largo de la historia se han dado mil\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abClima\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Clima","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4283,"url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=4283","url_meta":{"origin":19,"position":4},"title":"Recuerdos del primer portaaviones espa\u00f1ol","author":"alpoma","date":"3 marzo 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"El presente art\u00edculo corresponde a una versi\u00f3n abreviada del que publiqu\u00e9 en la revista Historia de Iberia Vieja en su edici\u00f3n del mes de marzo de 2011. Al amanecer salgo del camarote. Es mi\u00e9rcoles. Se va a hacer una operaci\u00f3n complementaria, seg\u00fan nos ha dicho el coronel Goded. Subo a\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abMade in Spain\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Made in Spain","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?cat=10"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/5492915756_72aa1b488a_o.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/5492915756_72aa1b488a_o.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/5492915756_72aa1b488a_o.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7872,"url":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?p=7872","url_meta":{"origin":19,"position":5},"title":"La ca\u00edda de Prometeo","author":"alpoma","date":"27 febrero 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Estoy leyendo estos d\u00edas El legado de Prometeo, novela de Miguel Santander, pero no es ese Prometeo a quien quiero referirme hoy. De la novela ya comentar\u00e9 en breve. Repasando el cap\u00edtulo dedicado a la dendrocronolog\u00eda por Chris Turney en Huesos, piedras y estrellas, he recordado la chocante y triste\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abGeo\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Geo","link":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/?cat=5"},"img":{"alt_text":"Pinus_longaeva","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.alpoma.net\/tecob\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pinus_longaeva-223x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpoma.net\/tecob\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}